What does spear phishing specifically target?

Spear phishing specifically targets a specific user or group, distinguishing it from other forms of phishing that may attempt to deceive a broader audience. In spear phishing, attackers conduct thorough research to understand their targets, often gathering information from social media, company websites, and other sources to create convincing messages tailored to the individual or group they are aiming at. This laser-focused approach increases the likelihood of the target responding to the fraudulent communication, as it appears more credible and relevant to them.

While other phishing tactics may cast a wider net—targeting random users or utilizing company-wide emails to reach many individuals—spear phishing’s effectiveness is rooted in its personalized nature, which aims to exploit trust and familiarity. It is also distinct from using public social media profiles, which might provide some information but does not typically entail the same level of direct interaction or professional targeting seen in spear phishing campaigns.